小知识:集群运维自动化工具ansible的安装与使用(包括模块与playbook使用)

我使用过puppetsalt,但这2个软件都需要安装客户端,并且更新很快,每次更新都是令人蛋疼的事,尤其是salt,喜欢他的命令功能,但bug太多,不敢在公司线上使用,puppet虽然稳定,但弄命令执行的时候,需要mco配置,非常麻烦,我公司由于跟多家公司合作,很多业务没办法安装客户端,所以没办法使用puppet与salt(虽然salt有ssh,但不太好使),最后找到了ansible,他既有命令执行也有配置管理,关键开发它的语言是python,paramiko进行ssh连接,跟我之前开发的自动管理软件都是使用paramiko进行操作,不需要安装客户端,满足我的需求,下面给大家介绍一下我是如何使用的。

一、安装

1、安装第三方epel源

centos 5的epel
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rpm -ivh http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

centos 6的epel

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rpm -ivh http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

查看系统版本

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17:01:30 # cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

由于是6版本所以安装6的epel

2、安装ansible
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yum install ansible

如果需要自定义module或者想阅读源码、使用最新版本,可以去github里下载源码

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git clone https://github.com/ansible/ansible.git

3、添加主机

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17:22:08 # cd /etc/ansible/
root@ip-10-10-10-10:/etc/ansible
17:23:27 # ll
total 12
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 5113 Dec 29 03:00 ansible.cfg
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 965 Dec 29 03:00 hosts
其中ansible.cfg是配置文件,hosts是管理主机信息
17:24:44 # cat hosts
172.17.0.2:49154
172.17.0.4:49155
[zabbix]
172.17.0.2:49154
172.17.0.4:49155
[vpn]
172.17.0.10

4、使用密码登陆

ansible支持正则测试
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16:20:57 # ansible 127* -m ping
SSH password:
127.0.0.1 | success >> {
“changed”: false,
“ping”: “pong”
}
root@ip-10-10-10-10:/etc/ansible
16:21:05 # ansible 172* -m ping
SSH password:
172.17.0.5 | success >> {
“changed”: false,
“ping”: “pong”
}
172.17.0.4 | success >> {
“changed”: false,
“ping”: “pong”
}
172.17.0.2 | success >> {
“changed”: false,
“ping”: “pong”
}

如果你有多台服务器的话,想并发运行,可以使用-f参数,默认是并发5

5、使用密钥登陆测试
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11:30:35 # ansible vpn -m shell -a “echo $TERM” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
xterm

二、模块应用

6、文件传输
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11:30:44 # ansible vpn -m copy -a “src=/tmp/server dest=/tmp/server” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success >> {
“changed”: true,
“dest”: “/tmp/server”,
“gid”: 505,
“group”: “test”,
“md5sum”: “e8b32bc4d7b564ac6075a1418ad8841e”,
“mode”: “0664”,
“owner”: “test”,
“size”: 7,
“src”: “/home/test/.ansible/tmp/ansible-1402630447.45-253524136818424/source”,
“state”: “file”,
“uid”: 503
}

去客户端查看文件是否传输过来

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11:34:57 # ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 76
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 3124 Jun 12 21:32 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 12 21:32 zabbix_agentd.pid

可以看到已经传过来了

看看文件内容
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11:35:09 # ansible vpn -m shell -a “cat /tmp/server” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
server

内容正常

还有另外一个模块file,可以修改用户与权限

下面是当前文件状态
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13:50:07 # ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/server” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-rw-r– 1 test test 7 Jun 13 19:33 /tmp/server

server文件是664权限,用户与组都是test

修改一下
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13:51:17 # ansible vpn -m file -a “dest=/tmp/server mode=755 owner=root group=root” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success >> {
“changed”: true,
“gid”: 0,
“group”: “root”,
“mode”: “0755”,
“owner”: “root”,
“path”: “/tmp/server”,
“size”: 7,
“state”: “file”,
“uid”: 0
}
root@ip-10-10-10-10:/etc/ansible
13:51:31 # ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/server” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7 Jun 13 19:33 /tmp/server

7、安装软件

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14:20:30 # ansible vpn -m yum -a “name=nmap state=installed” -u test –private-key=denglei -K
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success >> {
“changed”: true,
“msg”: “”,
“rc”: 0,
“results”: [
“Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * epel: mirrors.hust.edu.cn\nSetting up Install Process\nResolving Dependencies\n–> Running transaction check\n—> Package nmap.x86_64 2:5.51-3.el6 will be installed\n–> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package    Arch       Version          Repository   Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n nmap      x86_64      2:5.51-3.el6       Base      2.7 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall    1 Package(s)\n\nTotal download size: 2.7 M\nInstalled size: 9.7 M\nDownloading Packages:\nRunning rpm_check_debug\nRunning Transaction Test\nTransaction Test Succeeded\nRunning Transaction\n\r Installing : 2:nmap-5.51-3.el6.x86_64                   1/1 \n\r Verifying : 2:nmap-5.51-3.el6.x86_64                   1/1 \n\nInstalled:\n nmap.x86_64 2:5.51-3.el6                           \n\nComplete!\n”
]
}

三、playbook配置管理

8、playbook

A.进行一下shell模块操作,测试删除文件

先查看一下客户端的server-test是否存在
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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/server-test” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-rw-r– 1 test test 7 Jun 14 00:37 /tmp/server-test

可以看到是存在的

然后写一个删除的playbook
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[root@puppet ansible]# cat test.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
tasks:
– name: delete /tmp/server-test
shell: rm -rf /tmp/server-test

运行

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook test.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [delete /tmp/server-test] ***********************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0

在查看

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/server-test” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | FAILED | rc=2 >>
ls: cannot access /tmp/server-test: No such file or directory

文件已经删除

B.进行一下template模块操作,测试文件传输
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[root@puppet ansible]# cat copy.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
tasks:
– name: copy local server to client /tmp/server-test
template: src=/tmp/server dest=/tmp/server-test
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook copy.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [copy local server to client /tmp/server-test] **************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/server-test” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-rw-r– 1 test test 7 Jun 14 17:07 /tmp/server-test

C.使用service模块,测试一下服务重启

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “/etc/init.d/pptpd stop” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k -K -s
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
Shutting down pptpd:                    [ OK ]
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “/etc/init.d/pptpd stop” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k -K -s
SSH password:
sudo password [defaults to SSH password]:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
Shutting down pptpd:                    [ OK ]

D.多项目同时更新

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 84
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid
[root@puppet ansible]# vim multi_copy.yml
[root@puppet ansible]# cat multi_copy.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
gather_facts: False
tasks:
– name: copy local server to client /tmp/server-test
template: src=/tmp/server dest=/tmp/test-{{item}}
with_items:
– server-1
– server-2
– server-3
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook multi_copy.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
TASK: [copy local server to client /tmp/server-test] **************************
changed: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-1)
changed: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-2)
changed: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-3)
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=1  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 96
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-1
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-2
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-3
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid

E.根据条件进行删除

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 96
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-1
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-2
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-3
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid
[root@puppet ansible]# cat delete.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
gather_facts: True
tasks:
– name: if system is centos,then rm /tmp/test-server-1
shell: rm -rf /tmp/test-server-1
when: ansible_os_family == “RedHat”
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook delete.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [if system is centos,then rm /tmp/test-server-1] ************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 92
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-2
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-3
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid

F.debug输出

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[root@puppet ansible]# cat debug.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
gather_facts: True
tasks:
– name: debug to print interface
debug: msg=”{{item}}”
with_items: ansible_default_ipv4.address
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook debug.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [debug to print interface] **********************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10] => (item=10.10.32.34) => {
“item”: “10.10.32.34”,
“msg”: “10.10.32.34”
}

G.check模式,仅检测,但不实行

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 92
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-2
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-3
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook copy.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k –check
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [copy local server to client /tmp/server-test] **************************
changed: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-1)
ok: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-2)
ok: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-3)
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=0  unreachable=0  failed=0
H.diff

使用diff与不使用作对比

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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “rm -rf /tmp/test-server-1” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m shell -a “ls -l /tmp/” -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success | rc=0 >>
total 92
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  41692 May 21 13:02 config
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  1228 Jun 12 18:24 install_pptpd_vpn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root  root    7 Jun 13 19:33 server
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 14 17:07 server-test
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-2
-rw-rw-r– 1 test  test    7 Jun 18 00:50 test-server-3
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   82 Jun 12 18:21 test.log
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root   290 Jun 12 18:21 test.sh
-rw-r–r– 1 root  root  2444 Apr 28 2012 vpn_centos6.sh
-rw——- 1 root  root   727 Jun 10 18:21 yum_save_tx-2014-06-10-18-21UrqDAp.yumtx
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix 4664 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 zabbix zabbix   5 Jun 14 00:30 zabbix_agentd.pid
[root@puppet ansible]# ansible-playbook copy.yml –private-key=/root/denglei -k –diff
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [copy local server to client /tmp/server-test] **************************
— before
+++ after
@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
+server
changed: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-1)
ok: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-2)
ok: [172.17.0.10] => (item=server-3)
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0

9、主机信息查看

类似puppet的fact、salt的grains
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[root@puppet ansible]# ansible vpn -m setup -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
SSH password:
172.17.0.10 | success >> {
“ansible_facts”: {
“ansible_all_ipv4_addresses”: [
“10.10.32.34”,
“10.10.32.34”
],
“ansible_all_ipv6_addresses”: [
“fe80::f816:3eff:fe3e:1667”
],
“ansible_architecture”: “x86_64”,
“ansible_bios_date”: “01/01/2007”,
“ansible_bios_version”: “Bochs”,
“ansible_cmdline”: {
“KEYBOARDTYPE”: “pc”,
“KEYTABLE”: “us”,
“LANG”: “zh_CN.UTF-8”,
“quiet”: true,
“rd_NO_DM”: true,
“rd_NO_LUKS”: true,
“rd_NO_LVM”: true,
“rd_NO_MD”: true,
“rhgb”: true,
“ro”: true,
“root”: “UUID=c6042d42-8edb-4bb4-a31b-2197b043500c”
},

数据太多,我就展示部分。

10、优化ansible-playbook运行时间

默认playbook是进行客户端fact搜集,一般如果你配置里没有使用fact的话,可以关闭这样就能减少运行时间

没有优化的时候
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[root@puppet ansible]# cat shell.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
# gather_facts: False
tasks:
– name: echo hi
shell: echo “hi”
[root@puppet ansible]# time ansible-playbook shell.yml -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [echo hi] ***************************************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
real  0m8.396s
user  0m0.796s
sys 0m0.158s
[root@puppet ansible]# time ansible-playbook shell.yml -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [echo hi] ***************************************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
real  0m3.309s
user  0m0.724s
sys 0m0.108s
[root@puppet ansible]# time ansible-playbook shell.yml -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
ok: [172.17.0.10]
TASK: [echo hi] ***************************************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=2  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
real  0m3.409s
user  0m0.716s
sys 0m0.099s

可以看到第一次8s,后2次都是3s

下面是优化后(未使用fact)
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[root@puppet ansible]# cat shell.yml
– hosts: vpn
remote_user: test
gather_facts: False
tasks:
– name: echo hi
shell: echo “hi”
[root@puppet ansible]# time ansible-playbook shell.yml -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
TASK: [echo hi] ***************************************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=1  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
real  0m2.758s
user  0m0.585s
sys 0m0.096s
[root@puppet ansible]# time ansible-playbook shell.yml -u test –private-key=/root/denglei -k
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (ie. yum update gmp).
SSH password:
PLAY [vpn] ********************************************************************
TASK: [echo hi] ***************************************************************
changed: [172.17.0.10]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
172.17.0.10       : ok=1  changed=1  unreachable=0  failed=0 
real  0m2.359s
user  0m0.565s
sys 0m0.077s

运行时间就是2s

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