1.官方简介
grep是linux的常用命令，用于对文件和文本执行重复搜索任务的Unix工具，可以通过grep命令指定特定搜索条件来搜索文件及其内容以获取有用的信息。
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Usage: grep [OPTION]… PATTERN [FILE]…
Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).
Example: grep -i hello world menu.h main.c
Regexp selection and interpretation:
-E, –extended-regexp PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)
-F, –fixed-strings PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings
-G, –basic-regexp PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)
-P, –perl-regexp PATTERN is a Perl regular expression
-e, –regexp=PATTERN use PATTERN for matching
-f, –file=FILE obtain PATTERN from FILE
-i, –ignore-case ignore case distinctions
-w, –word-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole words
-x, –line-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole lines
-z, –null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline
Miscellaneous:
-s, –no-messages suppress error messages
-v, –invert-match select non-matching lines
-V, –version display version information and exit
–help display this help text and exit
Output control:
-m, –max-count=NUM stop after NUM matches
-b, –byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines
-n, –line-number print line number with output lines
–line-buffered flush output on every line
-H, –with-filename print the file name for each match
-h, –no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output
–label=LABEL use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix
-o, –only-matching show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
-q, –quiet, –silent suppress all normal output
–binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE;
TYPE is binary, text, or without-match
-a, –text equivalent to –binary-files=text
-I equivalent to –binary-files=without-match
-d, –directories=ACTION how to handle directories;
ACTION is read, recurse, or skip
-D, –devices=ACTION how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;
ACTION is read or skip
-r, –recursive like –directories=recurse
-R, –dereference-recursive
likewise, but follow all symlinks
–include=FILE_PATTERN
search only files that match FILE_PATTERN
–exclude=FILE_PATTERN
skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN
–exclude-from=FILE skip files matching any file pattern from FILE
–exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.
-L, –files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match
-l, –files-with-matches print only names of FILEs containing matches
-c, –count print only a count of matching lines per FILE
-T, –initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed)
-Z, –null print 0 byte after FILE name
Context control:
-B, –before-context=NUM print NUM lines of leading context
-A, –after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context
-C, –context=NUM print NUM lines of output context
-NUM same as –context=NUM
–group-separator=SEP use SEP as a group separator
–no-group-separator use empty string as a group separator
–color[=WHEN],
–colour[=WHEN] use markers to highlight the matching strings;
WHEN is always, never, or auto
-U, –binary do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows)
-u, –unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there
(MSDOS/Windows)
egrep means grep -E. fgrep means grep -F.
Direct invocation as either egrep or fgrep is deprecated.
When FILE is -, read standard input. With no FILE, read . if a command-line
-r is given, – otherwise. If fewer than two FILEs are given, assume -h.
Exit status is 0 if any line is selected, 1 otherwise;
if any error occurs and -q is not given, the exit status is 2.
Report bugs to: bug-grep@gnu.org
GNU Grep home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/>
General help using GNU software: <a rel=”external nofollow” href=”http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/“>http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/</a>
我平时也是简单的查看一个用户数据，用于简单的数据校对，最近突然接到分析后台日志的需求，才发现grep用处还是不少的。
比如我们后台日志相当大，要是直接从服务器直接拉取，耗时长占用带宽，所以方案就是直接使用 grep关键字重定向到新的文件中，从14G直接到12M,然后再数据清洗和分析。
2.实战介绍
2.1使用grep命令对多文件中多种文本查询
note :使用egrep命令，可使用扩展的正则表达式
1.多文件
grep pattern file1 file22.多文本 ， 关系是OR
egrep pattern1|pattern2 *.py grep -e pattern1 -e pattern2 *.py grep -E pattern1|pattern2 *.doc例如下面对 对文件中 存在关键字 wordA or wordB进行提取:
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grep wordA\|wordB *.py
grep -E wordA|wordB *.doc
grep -e wordA -e wordB *.py
egrep “wordA|wordB” *.c
3.多文本关系是 AND
这里我并没有看到 直接能用的【option】,只能加一层管道符|。
例如：
2.2完全匹配关键词 -w
2.3使用-i参数忽略大小写，–color高亮显示匹配结果
2.4递归查找
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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/wqbin/p/11771117.html
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